Advanced & Applied Topics · Simulation & Monte Carlo Methods

Simulation: Monte Carlo Methods and Numerical Integration

Public introduction · full guide in Eikos

Introduction

What this guide covers

Rigorous theory, probabilistic foundations, convergence, variance reduction, MCMC, and advanced applications — with fully worked examples.

Overview

Topics covered

  • Introduction
  • Conceptual Foundations
  • 1.1 History and Historical Context
  • 1.2 The Central Idea: Expectation as Integral
  • 1.3 Probabilistic Fundamentals: LGN and TLC
  • Pseudorandom Number Generation

Related concepts

Main connections

  • Monte Carlo simulation
  • Variance & standard deviation
  • Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)
  • Calculus & differentiation
  • Bootstrap resampling
  • Confidence interval

Compatible notation

Mathematical sample in LaTeX

The expression is rendered accessibly, with its LaTeX source preserved below.

I=∫𝒳f(𝐱)dμ(𝐱)=𝔼μ[f(𝐗)]
View LaTeX sourceI = \int_{\mathcal{X}} f(\mathbf{x})\, d\mu(\mathbf{x}) = \mathbb{E}_\mu[f(\mathbf{X})]